学习知识英语的过去式? 小学英语过去式知识归纳 一、概念 表示在的过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。通常在句子里找到表示过去时间的词或词组。如:yesterday,yesterday mo
学习知识英语的过去式?
小学英语过去式知识归纳一(拼音:yī)、概念
表示在的过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。通[拼音:tōng]常在句子里找《练:zhǎo》到表示过去时间的词或词组。如:yesterday,yesterday morning,yesterday afternoon,yesterday evening,the day before yesterday#28前天#29,last night,last week,last month, last year,a moment ago#28刚才#29,just now#28刚才#29, two days ago,a week ago,in 1990等。 如: I went to bed at eleven last night. 昨晚我11:00睡觉。
二、动词过去式的构成[chéng]规律
#28一#29规则动(繁:動)词的过去式
1、一般情况下,在《拼音:zài》动词原形后面加-ed如:look→looked play→playe d
2、以不发音e结尾的动词,在词尾wěi 直接加-d如:live→lived use→used
3、以“辅音《yīn》字母 y”结尾的动词《繁体:詞》,先将 y 改为i ,再加 –ed如:study→studied, try→tried fly→flied
4、以重读闭《繁体:閉》音节#28即辅音 元音 辅音#29或(读:huò)r音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要先双写这个辅音字母《练:mǔ》后,再加 –ed。如:stop→stoppedplan→planned
#28二#29不规则动词的过去式#28后附不【练:bù】规则动词变化表#29
1、改变动[dòng]词中的元音
begin→began drink→drank come→came eat→ate grow→grew run→ran know→knew win→won speak→spoketake→took write→wrote get→got
2、变词尾的(de)–d 为–t build→built lend→lent send→sent spend→spent bend→bent
3、与动词原[练:yuán]形一样 cut→cut put→put cost→cost hurt→hurt shut→shut
4、变-ay 为-aid #28少shǎo 数动词#29 say→said pay→paid lay→laid
5、采用(pinyin:yòng)不同词根sell→sold teach→taught buy→bought
6、其他。如:am/is→was are→were have/has→had do→did
三、句jù 式变化
#28一《拼音:yī》#29一般过去时的一般疑问句
1、把was, were放在句首,其余位置不变。由Was…?引导的一般疑问句澳门巴黎人,肯定答为:Yes,… was. 否定回答为:No,…. wasn’t. 由Were…?引(yǐn)导的一般疑问句,肯定回答为:Yes,… were. 否定回答为:No,… weren’t. 如:
→Yes, I was. #28肯定回答#29 →No, I wasn’t. #28否《读:fǒu》定回答#29
#282#29They were in Li Yan’s home last night.
→Yes, they were. #28肯定【拼音:dìng】回答#29 →No, they weren’t. #28否定回答#29
2、在行为动词的句子中,要用助动(繁:動)词词did来引导,其余的【练:de】语序不变。要注意的是,要把行为动词的过去式改为原形。肯定回答为:Yes, …did. 否定回答:No, …didn’t. 如:
John played computer games last night.
→Did John play computer games last night?
→Yes, he did. #28肯定回[繁:迴]答#29 →No, he didn’t. #28否定回答#29
#28二《pinyin:èr》#29一般过去时的否定句
1、在表示过去存在的状态的句子中,相澳门威尼斯人接在was, were的【拼音:de】后面加上not。
如《pinyin:rú》:#281#29He was in the park the day before yesterday. →He was not in the park the day before yesterday.
#282#29We were busy last week. →We were not busy last week.
2、在表示过去的时间《繁:間》发生的动作的句子中,要在行【练:xíng】为动词的前面加助动(繁:動)词didn’t.然后把过去式的行为动词改为动词原形。即:didn’t 动词原形。如:
#281#29She played the violin last night. →She didn’t play the violin last night.
#282#29 They swam in the lake yesterday. →They didn’t swim in the lake yesterday.
#28三《读:sān》#29 一般过去式的特殊疑问句
1.What did … ?#28主要是询问过去发生了什么事[读:shì]情,注意要把过去[qù]式改为动词原形【拼音:xíng】。#29
We ate Chinese food last night. →What did we eat last night?
2.Where did ?#28 主要是询问过去事(练:shì)情发生的地方。#29
They sang and dance in the music room yesterday morning.
→Where did they sing and dance yesterday morning?
3.Who 动词过去式 … ?#28 主要是询问过去事情(读:qíng)发生的人物。#29
Mike and Tom climbed mountains last weekend.
→Who climbed mountains last weekend?
四(读:sì)、句子结构
1、在表示某个时间里存在的(pinyin:de)状态的句子,系动词《繁:詞》用过《繁体:過》式was,were构成。如:
#281#29I was at home yesterday. 昨天《拼音:tiān》我【wǒ】在家。 #282#29We were in the gym just now. 刚才我们[拼音:men]在体育馆。
2、在表示过去某个时间里发生的动作,用动(繁体:動)词的过去式构成。如:
I visited my uncle yesterday. 昨天我拜访了我的[de]叔叔。
3.各【gè】种句式
#281#29一般过去时的肯定陈(繁体:陳)述句:
主语 动词过去式 宾语或表[拼音:biǎo]语。
He worked in Shanghai ten years ago.
#282#29一般过去时的否{读:fǒu}定句:
a.主语 didn’t 动(繁体:動)词原形 宾语。 #28did not = didn#30"t#29
He didn#30"t do morning exercises yesterday.
b.主《练:zhǔ》语 wasn’t/weren’t 表语。#28was not = wasn#30"t were not = weren#30"t#29
#283#29一般过去时的一《pinyin:yī》般疑问句:
a.Did 主[拼音:zhǔ]语 动词原形 宾语 ?
Did you study English in 1990 ?
b.Was/Were 主{zhǔ}语 表语 ?
Was he a pupil five years ago ?
#284#29一般过去时的(pinyin:de)特殊疑问句:
a.特《拼音:tè》殊疑问词 did 主语 动词原形 宾语?
Where did your parents live five years ago?
What did you do last Sunday?
b.特殊疑问词 were/was 表语?
Who was at the zoo yesterday?
小学英语动词过去式变化规则(繁体:則)
1、一{yī}般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2、结尾是e加d,如【拼音:rú】:taste-tasted
3、末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字(读:zì)母的重读闭《繁:閉》音节,应双写末尾的辅音字{读:zì}母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped
4、以“辅音字{读:zì}母 y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed,如:study-studie
不规则动词的过去式(读:shì)的构成
1.把动词原《读:yuán》形中的 i 改为a,变成过去式。如:
begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam
2.把重读开音节中的 i 改为o,变成过去式(拼音:shì)。如:
drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote
3.改动[dòng]词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式。如:
draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw#28动词show除【读:chú】外,show—showed#29
4.动词原形中的e改为(繁:爲)o,变成过去式。如:
get—got,forget—forgot
5.动词原形(练:xíng)中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如:
feed—fed,meet—met
6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去(练:qù)式。如:
keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept
7.动词原形中的eak改【练:gǎi】为oke,变成过去式。如:
break—broke,speak—spoke
8.动(dòng)词原形中的ell 改为old,变成过去式。如:
sell—sold,tell—told
9.动词(繁:詞)原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如:
stand—stood,understand—understood
10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如[练:rú]:
bring—brought,buy— bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught
11.以ould结尾且读音《yīn》为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如:
can—could,shall—should,will—would
12.把动词原形中的o改{pinyin:gǎi}为a,变成过去式。如:
come—came,become—became
13.在动词原形后加《练:jiā》d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:
hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕, say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕
14.动词的过去式与动词原形xíng 一样。如:
let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕
15.不符合上述规律的动词过{练:guò}去式。如:
am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,
find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have /has— had,hold—held,leave—left,
make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took
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