学习知识英语的过去式? 小学英语过去式知识归纳 一、概念 表示在的过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。通常在句子里找到表示过去时间的词或词组。如:yesterday,yesterday mo
学习知识英语的过去式?
小学英语过去式知识归纳一(拼音:yī)、概念
表示在的过去某个时间里所发《繁体:發》生的动作或存在的状态。通常在句子里找到表示过去时间的词(繁体:詞)或词组。如:yesterday,yesterday morning,yesterday afternoon,yesterday evening,the day before yesterday#28前天#29,last night,last week,last month, last year,a moment ago#28刚才#29,just now#28刚才#29, two days ago,a week ago,in 1990等。 如: I went to bed at eleven last night. 昨晚(练:wǎn)我11:00睡觉。
二、动词过去式的构成【读:chéng】规律
#28一#29规则《繁体:則》动词的过去式
1、一般情况[繁:況]下,在动词原形后面加-ed如:look→looked play→playe d
2、以不发音e结尾(拼音:wěi)的动词,在词尾直接加-d如:live→lived use→used
3、以“辅[繁:輔]音字母 y”结尾的动词,先将 y 改为[繁体:爲]i ,再加 –ed如{拼音:rú}:study→studied, try→tried fly→flied
4、以重读闭音节#28即辅音 元音 辅音#29或r音节结尾,末尾只{pinyin:zhǐ}有一个辅音字母的动词,要先双写这个辅[繁体:輔]音字母后,再加 –ed。如:stop→stoppedplan→planned
#28二#29不规则动词的过去式#28后附不规则动词(繁:詞)变化表#29
1、改变动词中的(练:de)元音
begin→began drink→drank come→came eat→ate grow→grew run→ran know→knew win→won speak→spoketake→took write→wrote get→got
2、变词尾的–d 为[繁体:爲]–t build→built lend→lent send→sent spend→spent bend→bent
3、与动[繁体:動]词原形一样 cut→cut put→put cost→cost hurt→hurt shut→shut
澳门银河4、变-ay 为{pinyin:wèi}-aid #28少数动词#29 say→said pay→paid lay→laid
5、采用【拼音:yòng】不同词根sell→sold teach→taught buy→bought
6、其他。如【拼音:rú】:am/is→was are→were have/has→had do→did
三、句式{pinyin:shì}变化
#28一《读:yī》#29一般过去时的一般疑问句
1、把(拼音:bǎ)was, were放在句首,其余位wèi 置不变。由Was…?引导的一般疑问句,肯定答为:Yes,… was. 否定回答为[wèi]:No,…. wasn’t. 由Were…?引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答为:Yes,… were. 否定回答为:No,… weren’t. 如:
#281#29I was born in Shanghai. →Were you born in Shanghai?
→Yes, I was. #28肯定回答#29 →No, I wasn’t. #28否定(dìng)回答#29
→Were they in Li Yan’s home last night?
→Yes, they were. #28肯定回答#29 →No, they weren’t. #28否定回{pinyin:huí}答#29
2、在行为动词的句子中,要用助动词词did来引导,其余的语序不变。要注意《yì》的是(拼音:shì),要(读:yào)把行为动词的过去式改为原形。肯定回答为:Yes, …did. 否定回答:No, …didn’t. 如:
John played computer games last night.
→Did John play computer games last night?
→Yes, he did. #28肯定回答#29 →No, he didn’t. #28否定{拼音:dìng}回答#29
#28二#29一般过《繁:過》去时的否定句
1、在表示过去存【练:cún】在的状态的句子中,相接在was, were的后面加上not。
如【练:rú】:#281#29He was in the park the day before yesterday. →He was not in the park the day before yesterday.
#282#29We were busy last week. →We were not busy last week.
2、在表示过去的【拼音:de】时间发生的动作的句子中,要在行为动词的前面加助动词didn’t.然【拼音:rán】后把过去式的行为动词改为动词原形。即:didn’t 动词原形。如:
#282#29 They swam in the lake yesterday. →They didn’t swim in the lake yesterday.
#28三#29 一般过去式的特殊疑【练:yí】问句
1.What did … ?#28主要【练:yào】是询(繁体:詢)问过去发生了什么事情,注意要把过去式改为动词原形。#29
We ate Chinese food last night. →What did we eat last night?
2.Where did ?#28 主要是询问过【guò】去事情发生的地方。#29
They sang and dance in the music room yesterday morning.
→Where did they sing and dance yesterday morning?
3.Who 动词过去式 … ?#28 主要是询问过去事情发生的(读:de)人物。#29
Mike and Tom climbed mountains last weekend.
→Who climbed mountains last weekend?
四《sì》、句子结构
1、在表《繁体:錶》示某个时间里(繁:裏)存在的状态的句子{读:zi},系动词用过式was,were构成。如:
#281#29I was at home yesterday. 昨天(tiān)我在家。 #282#29We were in the gym just now. 刚才我们(men)在体育馆。
2、在表示过去某个时间里发生的动作,用动词[繁:詞]的过去式构成。如:
I visited my uncle yesterday. 昨天我拜[拼音:bài]访了我的叔叔。
3.各种句式shì
#281#29一般过去时的肯定陈述句:
主语 动词过去式 宾{练:bīn}语或表语。
He worked in Shanghai ten years ago.
#282#29一般过去时(繁体:時)的否定句:
a.主语 didn’t 动词原形 宾(繁:賓)语。 #28did not = didn#30"t#29
He didn#30"t do morning exercises yesterday.
b.主语(yǔ) wasn’t/weren’t 表语。#28was not = wasn#30"t were not = weren#30"t#29
He wasn#30"t an English teacher ten years ago.
#283#29一般过去时的一(pinyin:yī)般疑问句:
a.Did 主(练:zhǔ)语 动词原形 宾语 ?
Did you study English in 1990 ?
b.Was/Were 主语 表(繁:錶)语 ?
Was he a pupil five years ago ?
#284#29一般过去时《繁:時》的特殊疑问句:
a.特殊疑问词 did 主语 动词原形{拼音:xíng} 宾语?
Where did your parents live five years ago?
What did you do last Sunday?
b.特殊疑问词[繁:詞] were/was 表语?
Who was at the zoo yesterday?
小学英语动词过去【练:qù】式变化规则
1、一般在动词末尾加-ed,如(读:rú):pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2、结尾是e加d,如rú :taste-tasted
3、末尾只有一个元音字母和【拼音:hé】一个辅音(练:yīn)字【拼音:zì】母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped
4、以“辅音字母 y”结尾的,变y为wèi i, 再加-ed,如:study-studie
不规则动词的过去【pinyin:qù】式的构成
1.把动词原形中的 i 改为(繁体:爲)a,变成过去式。如:
begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam
2.把【读:bǎ】重读开音节中的 i 改为o,变成过去式。如:
drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote
3.改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过[繁:過]去式。如:
draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw#28动词show除【拼音:chú】外,show—showed#29
4.动词(繁:詞)原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如:
get—got,forget—forgot
5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如(pinyin:rú):
feed—fed,meet—met
6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式《练:shì》。如:
keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept
7.动词原形中的ea澳门新葡京k改为oke,变biàn 成过去式。如:
break—broke,speak—spoke
8.动词原形中的(de)ell 改为old,变成过去式。如:
sell—sold,tell—told
9.动词原形(读:xíng)中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如:
stand—stood,understand—understood
10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔 :t〕的过(繁:過)去式。如:
bring—brought,buy— bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught
11.以ould结尾且读(繁体:讀)音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如:
can—could,shall—should,will—would
12.把动词原形中的o改《pinyin:gǎi》为a,变成过去式。如:
come—came,become—became
13.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如《拼音:rú》:
14.动词的过(繁:過)去式与动词原形一样。如:
let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕
15.不符合上述规律的动词过去【拼音:qù】式。如:
am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,
find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have /has— had,hold—held,leave—left,
make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took
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